Farar Takarda akan Fasahar Kutse ta UAV Dangane da VCO DDS da Fasahar SDR (2)

1. Gabatarwa zuwa Fasahar Tsangwama na Electromagnetic

Manufar duk tsangwama shine don hana abokan gaba yin amfani da bakan na'urar lantarki yadda ya kamata. A cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na lantarki, tsangwama na lantarki kuma ana san shi da matakan kariya na lantarki. Babban hanyar kutsawa ta hanyar lantarki shine aika siginar kutsawa tare da siginar da ake tsammanin maƙiyan za su karɓa cikin mai karɓa, yana sa mai karɓar abokan gaba ba zai iya samun ingantaccen bayani ba.

Hoto na 9 Hanyar Sadarwa da Tsangwama

Hanyoyin katsalandan gama gari sun haɗa da tsangwama,

katsalandan na yaudara, da tsangwama na hankali.

Tsangwama na lantarki

Tsangwama na lantarki yana nufin tsangwama wanda ke haifar da kima, jikewa, ko wahala wajen samun sigina masu amfani a cikin tsarin karɓar kayan sadarwar abokan gaba ta hanyar watsa siginar kutse. Tsangwama ta hanyar lantarki za a iya raba shi kawai zuwa nau'ikan masu zuwa:

1.Toshe shisshigi: Toshe tsangwama, wanda kuma aka sani da toshe shisshigi, yana da nau'ikan kutsawa iri-iri kuma yawanci yana iya rufe gabaɗayan rukunin mitar aiki na tashoshin sadarwa na gida. Fa'idarsa ita ce baya buƙatar kayan aikin daidaituwa ko kayan aikin bincike don jagorantar tsangwama. Kayan aiki suna da sauƙi kuma suna iya kashe tashoshin sadarwa da yawa a cikin rukunin mitar lokaci guda. Amma rashin amfaninsa shine ikon tsoma baki ya tarwatse kuma ingancin ba shi da yawa; Na biyu, lokacin da ake amfani da tsangwama, siginar da ke faɗowa a cikin rukunin mitar ta kuma ana tsoma baki tare da ita.

2.Tsangwama mai niyya: Tsangwama da aka yi niyya yana nufin adadin mitar mai ɗauka na tsangwama da mitar siginar, ko siginar katsalandan da siginar sadarwa suna da faɗin mitar mitar. Yawanci, kowane mitar tsangwama yana daidaitawa da mitar siginar sadarwa daidai don aiwatar da tsangwama, amma kuma akwai lokuta na aikace-aikacen da na'ura ɗaya ke tsoma baki tare da manufa da yawa.

3.Tsangwama ta mitar mai sharewa: Tsangwama ta mitar yana nufin tsangwama da aka samu ta hanyar ci gaba da bambancin mitar mai ɗaukar hoto daga ƙasa zuwa babba ko daga babba zuwa ƙasa a cikin mitar mitar ta wata hanya.

Dcunkoson jama'a

Tsangwama na yaudara yana nufin wani nau'in kutsawa wanda ke amfani da kayan kwaikwaiyo na sadarwa ko kayan aiki masu rikitarwa don isar da sigina waɗanda suka dace da halaye da lokacin siginar sadarwa, yaudarar hanyoyin sadarwar don samar da martanin da ba zato ba tsammani, da cimma manufofin harin tsarin da ke kamewa, keɓewa, da mamaye albarkatun bakan, ko haifar da masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa su shiga cikin halayen kuskure don cimma burin dabara.

Tsangwama na hankali

Ingantattun injunan cunkoson jama'a suna da wayewar kai na lokaci-lokaci, koyo, yanke shawara, da sauran damar yin amfani da tsarin sadarwa mai niyya, kuma suna iya daidaitawa da mahalli daban-daban na lantarki da amsa abubuwa daban-daban. Farawa daga maƙasudin dabara, ta hanyar fahimta da yawa da kuma koyan ikon iska na lokaci-lokaci, tsarin igiyar ruwa, hanyar sadarwa, da tsarin, an ƙirƙiri yanke shawara daban-daban mafi kyawu da aiwatar da su don cimma mafi inganci, mai tsada, da tsangwama mai ƙarfi.

3.UAV tsangwama kewaye gine-gine

 VCO Share mitar jammer

VCO Matsakaicin mitar jujjuyawar juzu'in gine-ginen jammer ne. Hoto na gaba yana nuna ka'idar jammer tasha. Da fari dai, janareta na igiyar igiyar triangular yana haifar da igiyar igiyar triangular tare da mitar dubun KHz da yawa, wanda ke tafiyar da tashar sarrafa wutar lantarki na VCO. Wannan yana bawa VCO damar fitar da siginar RF mai gogewa, wanda za'a iya watsa shi ta hanyar amplifier da eriya.

hoto10 VCOƘa'idar sharar mitar jammer

Saboda ƙwaƙƙwaran halayen na'urorin VCO, ana buƙatar daidaita mitar kowane tashar kowane nau'in jammer na VCO; A lokaci guda, yayin da yawan fitarwa na VCO ya bambanta da zafin jiki, ana buƙatar tanadin takamaiman bandwidth na kariya don gujewa mitar VCO daga kewayon tsangwama.

 DDS Share mitar jammer

An nuna ƙa'idar jammer ɗin share mitar DDS a cikin adadi mai zuwa. DDS (Digital synthesizer kai tsaye) yana haifar da siginar share fage kai tsaye tare da takamaiman bandwidth (misali: 200 ~ 300MHz), sannan gauraye da siginar oscillator na gida, kuma ana tacewa ta hanyar tace bandpass don samun siginar RF da ake so (misali: 2400 ~ 2500MHz), haɓakawa da fitarwa ta eriya.

Hoto 11 Ka'idar DDS Sweep Frequency Jammer

Tushen mitar na DDS jammer mai share mitar ya fito daga DDS da oscillator na gida, kuma daidaiton mitar DDS da oscillator na gida ya fito daga oscillator crystal. Don haka, daidaiton mitar mitar DDS jammer na iya zama babba (dangane da oscillator crystal). Idan aka kwatanta da jammer mai share mitar VCO, DDS share mitar jammer baya buƙatar yin la'akari da ƙarin bandwidth na kariya kuma yana iya ayyana kewayon mitar share daidai.

Da'irar da'irar sharar mitar ta DDS ta fi na VCO sweep mita jammer, kuma samfurin tacewa da girman su ma sun sha bamban lokacin da mitar fitarwa ta bambanta, don haka matakin daidaitawar da'irar zai ɗan ragu kaɗan.

 SDR fasaha jammer

An nuna ka'idar jammer bisa fasahar SDR a cikin adadi mai zuwa. FPGA tana loda fayil ɗin waveform ɗin da aka adana a cikin Flash cikin DDR, sannan a aika da fayil ɗin waveform ɗin zuwa ƙirar tushe na dijital. Bayan wucewa ta na'urar modulator na IQ, ya zama siginar RF na rukunin mitar da aka yi niyya, wanda sai an ƙara ta da amplifier da fitarwa zuwa eriya. IQ modulator yana haɗa tushen oscillator na gida kuma yana iya canza mitar oscillator na gida ta hanyar ɓoyewar SPI.

Hoto 12: Ka'idar Na'urar Tsangwama bisa Fasahar SDR

Dangane da fasahar SDR, jamrs na iya aika kowane sigina a cikin takamaiman bandwidth, kamar siginar sautin sautin guda ɗaya, siginar daidaitawa mai sauƙi, ko siginar OFDM. Nau'in siginar gabaɗaya an bayyana shi ta software, don haka ana iya amfani da takamaiman siginar tsangwama don takamaiman siginar sadarwa don cimma kyakkyawan tasirin kutse.

Muna kiran wannan takamaiman lambar tsangwama siginar tsangwama. Dangane da hanyar shigar da hanyar haɗin yanar gizo, ana iya zaɓar lambobin tsangwama daban-daban. Misali, idan hanyar sadarwar ta yi amfani da siginar daidaitawa ta QPSK mai ɗaukar kaya guda ɗaya, za mu iya zaɓar lambar tsangwama ta mai ɗaukar kaya guda ɗaya. Idan hanyar haɗin sadarwar tana amfani da siginar OFDM, za mu iya zaɓar lambobin tsangwama na OFDM tare da tazarar mai ɗaukar kaya iri ɗaya.

1.Kimanta tasirin tsangwama mara matuki

share mita jammer

Duka tushen VCO da kuma tushen jamrs na DDS sun dogara ne akan fasahar share mitoci. Lokacin amfani da madaidaitan share fage don tsoma baki tare da ka'idojin sadarwa na abin hawa mara matuki (daukar tsarin tsarin sadarwa na OFDM a matsayin misali), za a tsoma baki tare da toshe bayanan Layer na zahiri, yana haifar da katsewar hanyar sadarwa gaba daya. Don haka, ƙwanƙwasa mitoci suna buƙatar babban ƙarfin watsawa don tsoma baki tare da hanyoyin sadarwar abin hawa mara matuki.

Hoto 13 Tsangwama na Matsakaicin Jumlar Jumlar Jumla akan Haɗin Sadarwar UAV

 SDR Abin kunya

Dangane da fasahar SDR, jammer na iya rufe dukkan rukunin mitar kuma ya cimma tsangwama mai toshewa; Hakanan yana yiwuwa a zaɓi zaɓin rufe ɗan ƙaramin yanki na rukunin mitar don cimma tsangwama da aka yi niyya, ba da damar kuzari ya fi mai da hankali da tsangwama ya kasance mai nisa. Ba tare da la'akari da hanyar tsangwama ba, duk masu ɗaukar siginar OFDM da aka katsalanda ana iya tsoma baki tare da su, tare da ƙimar kuskure kusa da 100%. Ko da tare da ƙaƙƙarfan hanyoyin gyare-gyare na kuskure, yana da wuya a dawo da bayanai a irin wannan babban adadin kuskure. Saboda haka, SDR style jamers iya yadda ya kamata tsoma baki tare da drone data links.

Hoto 14 Tsangwama na nau'in SDR Jammer akan Haɗin Sadarwar UAV

SDR nau'in jamers kuma na iya fitar da sigina mai sharewa a cikin wani ƙayyadadden bandwidth, kuma saurin sharewa zai yi sauri fiye da nau'in VCO da nau'in jamers na DDS. Don ka'idojin sarrafa nesa kamar ELRS tare da aikin hopping na mitar, ana iya rufe gabaɗayan rukunin mitar don cimma tsangwama.

Takaitawa

A taƙaice, la'akari da duka farashi da tashoshi na fitarwa, VCO Anti-Drone Magani zai ci gaba da kasancewa yanayin katsalandan mara matuki na wani lokaci a nan gaba. Idan an sami cikakken kewayon mitar akan tushen siginar VCO, zai iya fi dacewa da ainihin buƙatu akan rukunin yanar gizon.